No. Converting a rental to personal use is not a sale or other disposition, so it does not trigger depreciation recapture by itself, and bonus depreciation under IRC section 168(k) has no give-back provision tied to a drop in business use for real estate assets. IRS Pub 544 frames recapture as a disposition-time event. But the conversion has consequences that surface later, and one neighboring provision really does claw back deductions, so the details matter.
What happens at the moment of conversion
Depreciation simply stops. The basis reductions from every deduction you claimed, bonus included, stay in place. Nothing is recognized, nothing is owed, and no Form 4797 is filed. The recapture potential goes dormant inside the property's reduced basis and waits.
The exception: section 179 and listed property
If any components were expensed under section 179 rather than bonus, IRC section 179(d)(10) recaptures the benefit when business use drops to 50 percent or below, and a full conversion to personal use does exactly that. Listed property such as vehicles has a similar trigger in IRC section 280F(b)(2). This is the sharpest practical difference between section 179 and bonus depreciation for a landlord who might someday move in: bonus survives a conversion untaxed, section 179 does not.
The bill still arrives when you sell
Sell the converted home later and the depreciation history comes back. Gain up to the straight-line depreciation on the building is unrecaptured section 1250 gain taxed at up to 25 percent under IRC section 1(h)(6), and gain allocated to section 1245 components recaptures at ordinary rates to the extent of the depreciation claimed on them.
Living in the home first does not launder the history. The section 121 home-sale exclusion, up to $250,000 single or $500,000 married filing jointly, never shelters gain attributable to depreciation claimed after May 6, 1997, under IRC section 121(d)(6). On top of that, the nonqualified-use rule in IRC section 121(b)(5) prorates the exclusion itself: years the home spent as a rental before it became your residence generally do not count toward excludable gain. Converting, living there 2 years, and selling does not erase a decade of accelerated deductions.
Planning around a possible conversion
If a future move-in is realistic, 3 moves protect you. Prefer bonus depreciation over section 179 for the short-life components, since only one of them recaptures on conversion. Keep the depreciation schedule intact through the conversion so the eventual sale is computed from records rather than reconstruction. And model the section 121 proration before assuming the exclusion covers the gain. Amadae's property tracking tab keeps the component-level depreciation history through a conversion, and the returns Amadae prepares carry that history to the eventual sale so each recapture layer is computed correctly.