A 1099 means nothing was withheld
A W-2 employee has income tax and half of Social Security and Medicare taken out before the money lands. A 1099 pays you the full amount and leaves all of the tax to you: federal income tax plus the 15.3% self-employment tax, paid during the year through quarterly estimates. So the honest answer to how much will I owe with a 1099 is: more than an employee earning the same number, unless you plan for it.